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Engineering • Step-by-Step Curriculum

Choosing Your Tech Stack & System Architecture

Learn how senior engineers evaluate team skills, budget, latency, and scale to pick boring, reliable stacks instead of chasing hype.

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Sign in to save progress, pass the Mastery Test, and earn a verified MESHLUMA Certificate. Practice Mastery Test (5 Questions)
Practical Equipment & Study Requirements
What laptop, phone, internet, and free tools you need for this field—plus cloud options if your device is low-spec.
Laptop / PC Specs

Minimum:

Recommended:

Free Cloud Option:

Phone & Internet

Laptop Essential

Internet: Low bandwidth (~150 MB/week) for reading docs and drawing Mermaid/Excalidraw diagrams.

Free Software & Hardware Kit

Hardware / Kit: None required

Beginner Stage

Zero prior experience required — core concepts & first hands-on builds.

Step 1 beginner ~6 hrs

Problem-First Stack Selection (Team, Budget & Constraints)

Evaluate requirements before picking tools: team experience, timeline, hosting budget, and maintenance.

What You Will Learn
  • Boring technology principle
  • Build vs buy vs open-source
  • Total Cost of Ownership
Hands-On Milestone Project: Score 3 candidate stacks for a local school portal using a weighted decision matrix.
Step 2 beginner ~6 hrs

Frontend Choices: Server-Rendered (Blade/DTL) vs SPAs vs Mobile

Know when server-rendered HTML beats heavy JavaScript SPAs and when React/Vue or Flutter is justified.

What You Will Learn
  • SSR / MPA vs SPA trade-offs
  • SEO, first-load speed & offline support
Hands-On Milestone Project: Pick and justify the frontend approach for an admin dashboard vs a live chat app.
Intermediate Stage

Build real multi-part projects, tooling fluency, and problem-solving speed.

Step 3 intermediate ~8 hrs

Backend & Database Decisions (Laravel, Django, Node, SQL vs NoSQL)

Match relational data (PostgreSQL/MySQL/SQLite) or document stores to real domain workloads.

What You Will Learn
  • ACID transactions vs eventual consistency
  • Laravel vs Django vs Express/FastAPI
Hands-On Milestone Project: Design a database & backend stack proposal for a cooperative savings ledger.
Step 4 intermediate ~8 hrs

Designing for Low-Bandwidth, Caching & Local-First Resilience

Optimize apps for Ugandan/mobile data realities: asset budgets, caching, queues, and CDNs.

What You Will Learn
  • HTTP caching & Redis/file cache
  • Asset compression & lazy loading
Hands-On Milestone Project: Audit a sample app and reduce page payload by 50% with caching and compression.
Advanced Stage

Production patterns, architecture, automation, and security rigor.

Step 5 advanced ~10 hrs

Monolith vs Modular Monolith vs Microservices

Start with a clean modular monolith and split services only when organizational or scaling pain demands it.

What You Will Learn
  • Bounded contexts & module boundaries
  • Avoiding distributed monoliths
Hands-On Milestone Project: Refactor a tangled app blueprint into 4 clean internal modules with clear interfaces.
Expert Stage

Scale, observability, testing, leadership, and real-world deployment.

Step 6 expert ~10 hrs

Architecture Decision Records (ADRs) & Migration Roadmaps

Document architectural choices so future teammates understand why a stack was chosen and how to evolve it.

What You Will Learn
  • Lightweight ADR markdown format
  • Strangler Fig incremental migrations
Hands-On Milestone Project: Write 3 ADRs (stack, database, auth) and a zero-downtime migration plan.
Field Mastery Assessment

Choosing Your Tech Stack & System Architecture — Practical Mastery Assessment

Score 80% or higher (5 scenario questions) + submit your real practical capstone project after at least 7 days of study to earn a Verified MESHLUMA Certificate.

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